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Aufbau Principle
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States that electrons are placed in orbitals, subshells, and shells in order of increasing energy when building up the electron configuration.
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Pauli Exclusion Principle
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States that no two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers within an atom.
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Periods
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Horizontal rows of the periodic table.
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Groups
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Vertical columns of the periodic table.
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Rutherford's "Gold Foil" Experiment
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Concluded that all of the positive charge in an atom was concentrated at the center.
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Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
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States that the exact position and momentum of a particle cannot be simultaneously known
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Quantum Numbers
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Describes the positions of the electrons in relation to the nucleus by its shell, subshell, orbital, and spin.
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Atomic Radius
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Approximate distance from an atom's nucleus to its valence electrons (Greatest at bottom-left of periodic table).
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Ionization Energy
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The energy required to remove an electron from an atom (Greatest at top-right of periodic table).
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Dmitri Mendeleev
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Creator of the Periodic Table of Elements.